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1.
Nutr. hosp ; 25(5): 838-844, sept.-oct. 2010. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-97309

RESUMO

Introducción: El crecimiento es un fenómeno complejo que en pediatría tiene especial relevancia por constituir un indicador fundamental del estado nutricional. Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias en la interpretación del peso en una muestra de niños de nuestro medio, desde el nacimiento hasta los 18 meses, según los estándares nacionales e internacionales existentes. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal del peso y longitud en una cohorte de 383 niños de 0 a 18 meses representativa de la población aragonesa. Tras un análisis descriptivo se calculó la ‘puntuación típica’ a partir de cinco tablas de crecimiento poblacional. Finalmente se calculó el porcentaje de niños que quedaban por encima o debajo de 2DE para el peso según el estándar utilizado. Resultados: Del total, 50,1% eran varones y 49,9% mujeres. El peso y longitud de los niños fueron mayores que en las niñas en todas las edades (p<0,01). La mayor diferencia entre las puntuaciones típicas medias para el peso según el referente utilizado se encontró a partir de los 6 meses. El porcentaje de niños con un peso 2 DE osciló entre un0,5 y un 3,3 % a los 18 meses en dependencia del estándar. Conclusión: Existen diferencias globales al evaluar el peso de una misma muestra de niños menores de 18 meses según los diferentes estándares poblacionales, así como en el número de niños que quedan fuera de los límites de la normalidad con cada uno de ellos (AU)


Introduction: Growth is a complex phenomenon that has in pediatric age special relevancy because it constitutes a fundamental indicator of nutritional status. Objective: To evaluate differences about weight analysis of infants aged 0-18 months depending on the population reference used. Methods: This is a longitudinal weight and length study in a representative sample of 383 infants from Aragon since birth until 18 months of age. A descriptive analysis was realized and ‘’z-scores’’ were calculated from five growth curves. Finally there was calculated the percentage of children who were staying above or under 2DS for weight depending on the standard used. Results: 50,1 % were males and 49,9 % women. Weight and length of the children were higher in girls than in boys in all the ages (p <0,01). Major differences between weight z-score averages from standards were at 6 months and later. The percentage of children on a weight 2 DS ranged between 0,5 and one 3,3 % at18 months of age depending on the standard. Conclusion: Global differences exist when weight is evaluated in the same sample of infants up to 18 months of age depending on different population standards, as well as in the number of children who stay out of the limits of the normality with each of them (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Peso-Idade , Desenvolvimento Infantil/classificação , Antropometria/métodos , Padrões de Referência , Constituição Corporal , Distribuição por Sexo , Distribuição por Idade
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 25(5): 838-44, 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21336444

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Growth is a complex phenomenon that has in pediatric age special relevancy because it constitutes a fundamental indicator of nutritional status. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences about weight analysis of infants aged 0-18 months depending on the population reference used. METHODS: This is a longitudinal weight and length study in a representative sample of 383 infants from Aragon since birth until 18 months of age. A descriptive analysis was realized and "z-scores" were calculated from five growth curves. Finally there was calculated the percentage of children who were staying above or under 2DS for weight depending on the standard used. RESULTS: 50.1% were males and 49.9% women. Weight and length of the children were higher in girls than in boys in all the ages (p<0.01). Major differences between weight z-score averages from standards were at 6 months and later. The percentage of children on a weight<2 DS ranged between 0.5 and one 3.3% at 18 months of age depending on the standard. CONCLUSION: Global differences exist when weight is evaluated in the same sample of infants up to 18 months of age depending on different population standards, as well as in the number of children who stay out of the limits of the normality with each of them.


Assuntos
Peso Corporal/fisiologia , Estatura/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Valores de Referência , Espanha/epidemiologia
3.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 67(10): 493-497, nov. 2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-77704

RESUMO

La dieta de los niños en nuestro país suele ser deficitaria en frutas y verduras y rica en alimentos hipercalóricos. El objetivo del presente estudio es valorar la frecuencia de la ingesta de los grupos de alimentos en escolares de nuestro medio y la influencia sobre ella del sexo y la etnicidad. Se valoraron en una población de 383 niños de 2.º, 3.º y 4.º de Educación Primaria las características socioeconómicas y demográficas, los estilos de vida y la frecuencia de ingesta de grupos de alimentos. Los niños ingirieron más raciones diarias de alimentos ricos en hidratos de carbono (4,38 ± 1,6 frente a 3,97 ± 1,4; p=0,03) y más lácteos (3,23 ± 1,1 frente a 2,83 ± 1,0; p= 0,002) que las niñas; por otro lado, la niñas consumieron más golosinas que los niños (2,81 ± 3,9 frente a 2,01 ± 2,3 raciones por semana; p= 0,03). Un alto porcentaje de niños no cumplía con las recomendaciones habituales de ingesta por defecto de frutas y verduras (78,1%), lácteos (43,4%) e hidratos de carbono (42,8%), y por exceso de proteicos (8,1%), bollería (21,2%),golosinas (18,9%) y refrescos-snacks (8,7%). Los niños pertenecientes al grupo con etnicidad ingirieron significativamente menos lácteos, alimentos proteicos y fruta-verdura y, sin embargo, más bollería, golosinas y refrescos-snacks que los niños sin etnicidad. En el análisis de la relación entre los distintos grupos de alimentos se han encontrado dos asociaciones significativas (p <0,01): 1) la ingesta de frutas y verduras se asoció a un mayor consumo de hidratos de carbono y de pescado, y aun menor consumo de refrescos-snacks y tiempo frente al televisor; 2) la ingesta de bollería se asoció a un mayor consumo de refrescos/snacks y de golosinas. El estudio concluye que el sexo y la etnicidad son factores que influyen en la dieta de los niños en edad escolar y deben considerarse como factores de riesgo de malnutrición (AU)


Children’s diet in our country seems to be deficient in fruits and vegetables and rich in hyper caloric food. The purpose of this study is to access intake frequency of food groups in school children of our environment and the influence gender and ethnicity pose over it as well. We have evaluated the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, lifestyles and the intake frequency of food groups in a population of 383 2nd, 3rd and 4th grade children from elementary school. Boys consume more daily servings of food rich in carbohydrates (4.38 ± 1.6 vs. 3.97 ± 1.4; p=0.03) and more dairy products (3.23 ± 1.1 vs. 2.83 ± 1.0; p= 0.002) than girls, and, on the other hand, girls eat more candy than boys (2.81 ± 3.9 vs. 2.01 ± 2.3 servings per week; p= 0.03). A high percentage of children did not meet regular recommended food percentages, both by deficiency: fruits and vegetables (78.1%), dairy products (43.4%) and carbohydrates (42.8%); and by excess: protein food (8.1%), pastries (21.2%), candy (18.9%), and sodas/snacks (8.7%). Children belonging to a certain ethnic group consume significantly less dairy products, protein products and fruits/vegetables; and, at the same time, more pastries, candy and sodas/snacks than children that do not belong to a specific ethnic group. Two significant associations (p <0.01) have been found in the analysis of the relationship between different food groups: 1) fruits and vegetables intake was associated with a higher consumption of carbohydrates and fish, and with alower consumption of sodas/snacks and time watching TV; and2) pastry intake was associated with a higher consumption of sodas/snacks and sweets. The study concludes that gender and ethnicity are factors that influence the school children´s diet and they shall be considered as risk factors for malnutrition (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Desnutrição/etnologia , Obesidade/etnologia , Nutrição da Criança , Ingestão de Alimentos/etnologia , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Necessidades Nutricionais , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia
4.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 66(11): 564-568, dic. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-59599

RESUMO

La lactancia materna (LM) es la mejor forma de alimentar al recién nacido y al lactante, ya que confiere una serie de beneficios tanto a corto como a largo plazo. Según recomienda la Organización Mundial de la Salud, la LM debe mantenerse durante los primeros 6 meses como alimento exclusivo, y a partir de este momento junto con la alimentación complementaria, mientras la madre y el niño deseen. Según los datos disponibles, el tiempo medio de mantenimiento de la LM en nuestro entorno no supera los 3-5 meses, el abandono precoz durante el primer mes de vida ocurre en un 30% de los casos y sólo en un 10-20% se mantiene a los 6 meses. Se revisan los factores de riesgo para la instauración y el mantenimiento de la LM, los momentos clave para la promoción de la LM desde las instituciones sanitarias y el tipo de medidas que son más efectivas. Asimismo, se presenta el Proyecto PALMA, que pretende evaluarla efectividad de un programa de intervención de apoyo multidisciplinario a la LM desde atención primaria en un grupo de lactantes frente a un grupo control (AU)


Breastfeeding is the best way to feed infants as the properties of breast milk confer many short and longer-term benefits. As recommended by the World Health Organization, exclusive breastfeeding should continue throughout the first 6 months of life and, after this time, be accompanied by complementary feeding for as long as the mother and infant want. Data from our general population show that the mean duration of breastfeeding does not exceed 3-5 months, early cessation during the first month occurs in 30% of cases and only 10%-20% of the mother infantdyads maintain it up to 6 months. We review the risk factors for the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding, the best moments to promote breastfeeding on the part of health institutions and the most effective actions. At the same time, we present the PALMA project, the purpose of which is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary intervention program to promote breastfeeding at the primary care level, comparing a group of infants with a control group (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Aleitamento Materno/epidemiologia , Aleitamento Materno/estatística & dados numéricos , Planos e Programas de Saúde/organização & administração , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde/tendências , Fatores de Risco , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Promoção da Saúde/tendências , Promoção da Saúde Alimentar e Nutricional/educação , Promoção da Saúde Alimentar e Nutricional/métodos , Promoção da Saúde Alimentar e Nutricional/organização & administração
5.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 58(6): 538-44, 2003 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12781108

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Approximately 65 % of young smokers have failed to give up smoking because of their addiction to nicotine. The Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence is used to quantify nicotine dependence in adults but studies in teenagers are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether young smokers are nicotine-dependent, and if so, to what extent, as well as the factors linked to nicotine dependence. METHODS: A total of 2647 schoolchildren, aged 10 to 17 years old, from 41 different schools were interviewed. A sample size was calculated for each age, in years, by using the equation of finite population, but adding an extra 10 % so that if the numbers decreased, the final absolute error would not be increased. For each age the sample was stratified by sex and type of school, with proportional affixation to the number of individuals within each stratum. Schools and students were chosen by using the random numbers table. In addition to eliciting personal data, the questionnaire also included a version of the FTND adapted for use in teenagers. RESULTS: The mean age was 13.77 years and 51.5 % were male. A total of 23.1 % reported they were smokers (54.5 % of them were girls and 45.5 % were boys). Most (86.6 %) of these teenager smokers showed low-moderate nicotine dependence and 3.3 % showed high dependence. No differences were found according to sex or age. CONCLUSIONS: Most teenagers who smoke show low nicotine dependence. Campaigns to prevent smoking should be aimed at children aged less than 10 years old to delay smoking the first cigarette and the subsequent next step of becoming a daily smoker for as long as possible since both factors have proved decisive in nicotine dependence.


Assuntos
Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricos , Detecção do Abuso de Substâncias/métodos , Tabagismo/diagnóstico , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Espanha/epidemiologia
6.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 58(6): 538-544, jun. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22506

RESUMO

Antecedentes. Alrededor del 65 por ciento de los jóvenes fumadores ha intentado dejar de fumar sin conseguirlo debido a su dependencia nicotínica. El método para cuantificar dicha dependencia en adultos es el test de Fagerström, y son escasos los estudios realizados en adolescentes. Objetivos. Establecer la posible existencia de dependencia nicotínica en los jóvenes fumadores, el grado de ésta y los factores asociados a su aparición. Métodos. Se entrevistaron 2.647 escolares, de 10 a 17 años, de 41 centros escolares. Se calculó un tamaño muestral para cada edad, en años, mediante la ecuación de poblaciones finitas, añadiendo el 10 por ciento para en el caso de existir mermas no aumentasen el error absoluto final. Para cada edad el muestreo fue estratificado por sexo y tipo de centro, con afijación en cada estrato proporcional al número de individuos. La elección de los centros y alumnos se llevó a cabo mediante tabla de números aleatorios. La encuesta, además de recoger los principales datos personales, comprendía una versión adaptada a adolescentes del Test de Fagerström para la Dependencia de Nicotina. Resultados. Edad media de 13,77 años (varones, 51,5 por ciento). El 23,1 por ciento se declararon fumadores (54,5 por ciento mujeres y 45,5 por ciento varones). El 86,6 por ciento de los adolescentes fumadores tienen dependencia nicotínica baja-moderada y el 3,3 por ciento alta, sin que se observen diferencias en función del sexo ni edad. Conclusiones. La mayor parte de los adolescentes fumadores presentan dependencia nicotínica baja. Las campañas de prevención del consumo de tabaco se deben realizar antes de los 10 años, retrasando en lo posible, el consumo del primer cigarrillo y el paso a fumador diario, pues ambos factores se han mostrado determinantes en la presencia de dependencia nicotínica (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Estudantes , Tabagismo , Espanha , Tabagismo , Detecção do Abuso de Substâncias , Programas de Rastreamento , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
7.
An Esp Pediatr ; 57(1): 5-11, 2002 Jul.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12139886

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine bronchodilation in healthy children aged 7-14 years in order to establish the value defining a positive bronchodilation test. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study in healthy, nonsmoking schoolchildren aged 7-14 years in the city of Huesca (Spain). The sample (n 145) was representative of the pediatric population aged 7-14 years (N 4,272). Health was determined through a validated questionnaire. Expired carbon monoxide was measured with a Micro III Smokerlyzer EC50(R). Forced basal and post-bronchodilation spirometry (0.2 mg of inhaled salbutamol with a Babyhaler(R) chamber) was performed with a Vitalograph spirometer mod. 2120(R). Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow at 24-25 % of forced vital capacity (FEF25-75 %) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured. To establish whether increments in the variables followed normal distribution, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (Lilliefors modification) and histograms were used. The relationship between increases in FEV1 and the variables in the questionnaire was analyzed using Student's t-test (qualitative variables) and Pearson's correlation (quantitative variables). To evaluate the reliability of the test, Spearman's non-parametric correlation coefficient and dispersion graphs were used. RESULTS: The percentage increase in FEV1 compared with the theoretical value was: mean (SD), 3.97 (2.65); 95 % percentile, 8.87 %; and 97.5 percentile, 10.25 %. The percentage increase in FEV1 compared with the previous value was: mean: 3.99 (2.63), 95-percentile: 8.43 %; and 97.5 percentile: 10.14 %. CONCLUSIONS: In children aged 7-14 years, increases of greater than 9 % above the theoretical or previous FEV1 value define the bronchodilation test as positive.


Assuntos
Albuterol , Broncodilatadores , Adolescente , Albuterol/administração & dosagem , Broncodilatadores/administração & dosagem , Dióxido de Carbono/análise , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Fluxo Expiratório Forçado , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Espirometria/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários
8.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 57(1): 5-11, jul. 2002.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-12986

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar la broncodilatación que se produce en la población normal de 7 a 14 años de edad, para establecer el valor que define una prueba de broncodilatación como positiva. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio transversal en niños sanos, no fumadores, realizado en ámbito escolar en la ciudad de Huesca en una muestra representativa (n 145) de la población infantil de 7 a 14 años (N 4.272). Se identificó salud mediante encuesta validada. Se monitorizó el monóxido de carbono (CO) espirado con un Micro III Smokerlyzer EC50. La espirometría forzada basal y posbroncodilatación (salbutamol inhalado, 0,2 mg con cámara Babyhaler) se realizaron con un espirómetro Vitalograph mod. 2120. Se midieron las variables capacidad vital forzada (FVC), volumen espiratorio máximo en el primer segundo (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, flujo espiratorio máximo entre el 25-75% de la FVC (FEF25-75) y pico espiratorio máximo (PEF). Para establecer si los incrementos de los parámetros seguían o no una distribución normal, se utilizó el contraste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (modificación Lilliefors) y los histogramas. La relación entre el incremento de FEV1 y las variables del cuestionario se establecieron con el test de la t de Student (variables cualitativas) y la prueba de correlación de Pearson (variables cuantitativas). Para evaluar la fiabilidad del test se empleó el coeficiente de correlación no paramétrico de Spearman y los gráficos de dispersión. Resultados: Incremento porcentual de FEV1 respecto al valor teórico: media (desviación estándar [DE]), 3,97 (2,65); percentil (P) P95, 8,87% y P97,5, 10,25%. Incremento porcentual de FEV1 respecto al valor previo: media, 3,99 (2,63): P95, 8,43%, y P97,5, 10,14%. Conclusiones: En niños de 7 a 14 años de edad, los incrementos porcentuales sobre el valor teórico o sobre el previo del FEV1 superiores al 9 por ciento definen la prueba de broncodilatación como positiva (AU)


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Masculino , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Espanha , Espirometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Prevalência , Meningite Pneumocócica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Valores de Referência , Estudos Prospectivos , Broncodilatadores , Dióxido de Carbono , Estudos Transversais , Albuterol , Fluxo Expiratório Forçado
9.
An Esp Pediatr ; 55(3): 205-12, 2001 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11676894

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for asthma, allergy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children aged 6-8 years old from Huesca (Spain). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study of asthma, rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, using the prick test and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (free-running test, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec) in a random sample (n = 309) of children aged 6-8 years oldfrom an urban area (n = 1,051). To evaluate differences in the study variables between asthmatics and non-asthmatics, allergic and non-allergic children and BHR-positive and BHR-negative children, a bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test. Multiple regression analysis was used to study the association between asthma, allergy and BHR and the study variables. Beta-coefficients and their corresponding standard deviations were calculated according to the maximum verisimilitude method using the SPSS program. RESULTS: The theoretical sample included 305 children and informed consent was requested from 357 parents or guardians. The participation rate was 86.55 % (n = 309). The results of the multivariate analysis were as follows: (1) risk factors for asthma were a history of asthma in the immediate family (OR: 5.17; 95 % CI: 21.82-1.23), cutaneous sensitization to aeroallergens (OR: 8.49; 95 % CI: 30.52-2.37) and recurrent bronchitis during the first 2 years of life (OR: 4.68; 95 % CI: 17.76-1.24); (2) risk factors for allergy were symptoms of atopic dermatitis (OR: 10.87; 95 % CI: 38.63-3.06), a history of asthma in the immediate family (OR: 6.11; 95 % CI: 27.68-1.38) and male sex (OR: 4.53; 95 % CI: 19.55-1.05); (3) risk factors for BHR were recurrent bronchitis during the first 2 years of life (OR: 4.56; 95 % CI: 20.24-1.02), symptoms of atopic dermatitis (OR: 4.15; 95 % CI: 16.28-1.06) and cutaneous sensitization to aeroallergens (OR: 3.43; 95 % CI: 10.91-1.08). CONCLUSIONS: The risk factors for asthma, allergy and BHR have been determined in children aged 6-8 years old from Huesca.


Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Hiper-Reatividade Brônquica/epidemiologia , Rinite/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de Risco
10.
An Esp Pediatr ; 54(1): 18-26, 2001 Jan.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11181190

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the current prevalence of asthma, allergy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children aged 6to 8years old from Huesca (Spain). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and dermatitis by questionnaire (ISAAC), skin test and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (exercise challenge, forced expiratory volume1) in all children aged 6 to 8 years old living in an urban area (n=1051) and in a representative sample from the same area (n=309). RESULTS: The questionnaire response rate was 88.01% (n=925). Current prevalence rates were 7.4% for wheezing, 10.5% for rhinitis and 8.5% for dermatitis. Participation rate in the skin test and bronchial hyperresponsiveness study was 86.55% (n=309): bronchial hyperresponsiveness was found in 5.3% and skin test was positive in 21.8% while sensitization against grass pollen was found in 45.5%, against olives in 34.8% and against house dust mite in 10.6%. Rhinitis and/or dermatitis symptoms and positive skin test were found in 7.92%. Asthma related symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness were found in 5.5%. CONCLUSIONS: This study reports the current prevalence of asthma (5.5%), allergy (7.92%) and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (7.92) in children aged 6 to 8 years old from Huesca.


Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Hiper-Reatividade Brônquica/epidemiologia , Hipersensibilidade/epidemiologia , Asma/diagnóstico , Hiper-Reatividade Brônquica/diagnóstico , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/diagnóstico , Masculino , Prevalência
11.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 54(1): 18-26, ene. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1734

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia actual de asma, alergia y de hiperrespuesta bronquial en niños de 6 a 8años de Huesca. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal de prevalencia asma, rinitis y dermatitis por encuesta International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) a toda la población de 68años de un área urbana (n=1.051) y pricktest e hiperrespuesta bronquial (test de carrera libre, volumen espiratorio máximo en el primer minuto [FEV1]) en una muestra representativa de la misma (n=309). RESULTADOS: La tasa de participación en encuestas fue de 88,01% (n=925): prevalencia actual de síntomas relacionados con asma, 7,4%; rinitis, 10,5% y dermatitis, 8,5%. La participación en el estudio depricktest e hiperrespuesta bronquial fue del 86,55% (n=309): hiperrespuesta bronquial 5,3%; pricktest positivo 21,8% con sensibilizaciones a pólenes de gramíneas 45,5%, olivo 34,8% y ácaros 10,6%. Síntomas de rinitis y/o de dermatitis junto con pricktest positivo, 7,92%. Síntomas relacionados con asma junto con hiperrespuesta bronquial, 5,5%. CONCLUSIÓN: Se ha establecido en niños de 6 a 8 años de edad de la población de Huesca la prevalencia actual de asma (5,5 %), de alergia (7,92 %) y de hiperrespuesta bronquial (5,3%) (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Prevalência , Hiper-Reatividade Brônquica , Asma , Estudos Transversais , Hipersensibilidade
13.
An Esp Pediatr ; 20(9): 860-8, 1984 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6486580

RESUMO

We analyze the therapeutical value of an oral glucoelectrolytic solution when treating 132 hospitalized patients ranging from 1 to 36 months of age, with acute diarrhea and/or dehydration. These children were offered ad libitum a solution containing: Na 50 mEq/l, K 30 mEq/l, CO3H 24 mMol/l, glucose 111 mMol/l, and saccharose 55 mMol/l, with an osmolarity of 300 mOsm/1. We observed a simultaneous clinical recovery and normalization of the hydroelectrolytic disturbances (p less than 0.05). Furthermore the differences in the ingested quantities by dehydrated and well hydrated children (p less than 0.05), or as expressed in ml/kg/hour during the first six hours compared with the following hours in the whole group (p less than 0.05), demonstrate a physiological recovers of the patient. We conclude that the use of these solutions should have priority over other treatment even in hospitalized patients.


Assuntos
Desidratação/terapia , Diarreia Infantil/terapia , Eletrólitos/uso terapêutico , Solução Hipertônica de Glucose/administração & dosagem , Glucose/administração & dosagem , Equilíbrio Ácido-Base , Administração Oral , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente
14.
Pediatrie ; 38(2): 101-4, 1983 Mar.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6622137

RESUMO

The authors report the first case of spontaneous pneumopericardium of unknown cause, in their hospital, affecting an adolescent who had not had any previous asthmatic process. The differential diagnosis, evolution and treatment are commented.


Assuntos
Pneumopericárdio/diagnóstico , Tonsilite/complicações , Criança , Infecções por Haemophilus/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Pneumopericárdio/etiologia , Tonsilite/etiologia
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